Chapter 16: Echoes of Revolution

According to the 'Echoes of Revolution', there were three major movements arose to challenge the patterns of oppression or exclusion of slavery; nationalists hoped to foster a unity and independence from the foreign rule; and feminists challenged male dominance. The Abolition of Slavery is somewhat part of the Enlightenment because it became increasingly critical of slavery. The Haitian Revolution had also three major rebellions in the British West Indies. The Haitian Revolution demonstrated clearly that slaves were to be 'contented'. European and African both shipped millions of additional slaves mostly to Cuba and Brazil for planation of sugar. In the Southern United States a lot of slaves were legally free but highly dependent for labor, such as sharecropping and also they would provide low-paid for workers for the planters. Newly freed people did not achieve anything or received anything except in Haiti.

The third echo of the Atlantic revolutions was the feminist movement. In the 20th century, feminist really thought that "the way in which women and men work, play, think, dress, worship, vote, reproduce, make love and make war. Thinkers of the European Enlightenment challenged many ancient traditions. Women began to take part in temperance movements, charities, abolitionism, and missionary work, as well as pacifists organizations. By this movement in the United States, a number os states passed legislation allowing women to manage and control their own property and wages, separate from their husbands. At some places the divorce laws were liberalized. In 1893, New Zealand it became the first country to give the vote to all adult women and also Finland in 1906. The beginning of feminist was a big impact because it was expanding fast in mostly every continent. Another example, is women's rights read beyond the Western Europe and the United States. There was a feminist newspaper that was established in Brazil in 1852, instating that there was an independent school for girls that was found in Mexico in 1869.